What Does The Future Hold For Bank of America's Stock BAC?

Bank of America (BAC) is one of the banking companies that has the dubious distinction of being directly associated with the 2008 financial crisis that rocked the United States economy and financial markets. Without a government bailout, Bank of America, as we know it, would not exist today. Since Bank of America still exists, it is worth looking into what the future might hold for the company and its stock (NYSE: BAC). There are many crosscurrents that are currently affecting the price of BAC and the stocks of many other financial institutions that has many investors asking: What Does The Future Hold For Bank of America's Stock BAC?

To understand where Bank of America’s stock is heading, it is important to understand how it got to its current level due to the 2008 Financial Crisis that rocked the United States financial markets.

On August 23, 2007 Bank of America announced a purchase agreement for Countrywide Financial, which was completed in July 2008. The purchase of Countrywide Financial meant Bank of America controlled 20% to 25% of the home mortgage market, making the bank the leading mortgage originator and servicer in the United States. The acquisition was completed just as the subprime mortgage crisis was hitting the financial markets and just before the recession that began the prior December took a turn for the worse in September 2008.

The acquisition of risky mortgage loans in the Countrywide Financial portfolio and the increasing number of Bank of America originated loans that became non-performing (meaning payments were not being received) pushed Bank of America close to bankruptcy. The company’s stock BAC fell from the low $50s in 2007 to the $11 range in November 2008, as the recession took hold and its loan portfolio soured. On January 12, 2009, BAC had fallen to a little over $7 per share, and rumors of bankruptcy were swirling.

Since it was considered to be “too big to fail” without causing major economic disruption, on January 16, 2009, Bank of America received $20 billion in a federal bailout from the United States government through the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), and at the same time received a guarantee of $118 billion from the government for potential losses at the company. This money and financial assurance was in addition to the $25 billion given to them in the Fall of 2008 through TARP. The additional January 2009 bailout and financial assurance was part of a deal with the government to preserve Bank of America's merger with the troubled investment firm Merrill Lynch.

The January 2009 bailout and financial assurance did not stop Bank of America's stock BAC from falling further. On March 2, 2009, BAC’s stock closed at low of $3.14, which was the lowest closing price for BAC during the financial crisis.

Bank of America's stock BAC rebounded from the March 2009 low. On December 2, 2009, Bank of America announced it would repay the entire US $45 billion it received from TARP and exit the program. With the economy improving, BAC hit a post-crisis high of $18.43 in April of 2010. It has since fallen below the psychologically important $10 level, due to ongoing concerns about the bank's exposure to loans associated with the depressed housing market and the overall state of the United States economy. This all brings us to what the future may hold for Bank of America’s stock BAC.

How Bank of America’s stock BAC ultimately performs is closely tied to the performance the United States economy. Bank of America’s business and revenues are closely tied to the United States domestic economy, with operations in all fifty states and the District of Columbia. According to their 2010 Annual Report, Bank of America has a "retail banking footprint" that "covers approximately 80 percent of the U.S. population and in the U.S."; it serves "approximately 57 million consumer and small businesses" at "5,900 banking centers" and "18,000 ATMs." As the old General Motors saying goes: What’s good for Bank of America is good for America.

Ultimately, nothing may be as important to the profit outlook for Bank of America and the performance of BAC than the ongoing slump in housing prices and the persistent housing foreclosure crisis. With the foreclosure crisis showing no signs of improving, and with foreclosed properties piling up on Bank of America’s balance sheet, accounting for the losses from foreclosed properties is getting more difficult. With numerous court decisions that have slowed the foreclosure process, to ensure that foreclosures are being done fairly and according to the law, and with millions of foreclosed properties either on the real estate market or waiting to hit the market, banks like Bank of America have to hold foreclosed properties for much longer than they would in a healthy housing market. This is expensive since foreclosed homes still need a minimum level of maintenance, and taxes and homeowner association fees must be paid.

Since there are two sides to every story, including the outlook for companies and their stock price, it is important to note that Bank of America and many financial analysts are optimistic about Bank of America’s forward looking earnings and the price of BAC. In the spring of 2011 Bank of America said it expects to be able to generate pretax earnings of up to $40 billion annually within a few years, once they are able to put mortgage-related losses behind them. The profit forecast was higher than some market participants had expected and the BAC rose in response. Bank of America lost more than $1.3 billion inpretax earnings in2010.

A factor that could positively affect BAC in 2011 is Bank of America’s plans to raise its dividend in the second half of 2011, if they can obtain regulatory approval. Bank of America’s management has also indicatd that the bank is not interested in major acquisitions, which can have a negative impact on a stock price. Ongoing cost cutting and efficiency measures could help Bank of America’s earnings and help the stock price. Bank of America, Chief Executive Officer, Brian T. Moynihan said in the spring of 2011 that Bank of America's efficiency ratio, which is a bank’s expenses relative to operating revenue, was too high and could be improved, which would positively impact earnings and the company’s stock price. Bank of America's efficiency ratio was 62 percent in 2010. In the long run, Moynihan said he was aiming to get the efficiency ratio down to 55 percent or lower.

Moynihan has started internal initiatives to encorurage Bank of America employees to sell additional products to the bank's customers. The bank offers so many products that customers may not be aware of all that the bank has to offer. The bank’s long term growth plans includes offering additional services outside the United States and attracting more customers to its wealth management business. Wealth management has the potential to drive Bank of America's growth. Chief of the Wealth Management division, Sallie Krawcheck, forecast revenue growth of 6 percent to 7 percent for the unit and said she expects pretax margins to increase to 20 percent, as expenses from the Merrill Lynch merger decrease as the Merrill Lynch operations are further integrated into Bank of America.

Bank of America expects to generate up to $30 billion in excess capital by 2013 and 2014. The company plans to return the additional capital to shareholders through share buybacks and special cash dividends, in addition to the planned increases in the quarterly dividend. All of which should have a positive impact on the price of BAC in the long run.

Bank of America and its stock BAC are so tied into the American economy that ultimately the performance of the American economy may dictate how well BAC performs. Adequate due diligence should be performed and a registered financial consultant should be consulted before any investment decisions are made. For disclosure purposes, I currently have no position in BAC.

Since Bank of America controls 20% to 25% of the home mortgage market, the bank also controls a similar percentage of the total number of properties in foreclosure in the United States. At the beginning of the foreclosure crisis in 2008, stock analysts could easily quantify the loss that Bank of America could reasonably assume from selling foreclosed properties. This is because taking possession and selling foreclosed properties was a routine part of the banking business, and the costs of disposing of foreclosed properties were well known and understood. This is no longer the case. With so many foreclosed properties, the United States housing market is in uncharted territory. What banks, such as Bank of America, may ultimately receive for the foreclosed properties on their books cannot be quantifiy easily.

The biggest negative impact to Bank of America’s bottom line from its enormous foreclosed property holdings may be yet to come, and is not well understood by the investing community. While it was easy in 2008 for analysts to make assumptions about the losses that will ultimately be incurred when a foreclosed property is sold, that is no longer the case. The mounting expenses from long held foreclosed properties and the unusually large backlog of foreclosed properties means that banks, such as Bank of America, will ultimately only recoup only a fraction of the money they lent out on their foreclosed property holdings compared to what they would recoup in a healthy housing market. This means more write-downs for foreclosed property losses on Bank of America’s quarterly earnings statements in the quarters to come. This will be a drag on any earnings they are able to generate from their business operations, and could ultimately be a drag on the stock price of BAC.

The increasing losses from disposing of foreclosed properties will be in addition to Bank of America’s June 2011 $8.5 billion settlement to settle claims that the lenders sold poor-quality mortgage-backed securities that went sour when the housing market collapsed. Although the stock market breathed a sign of relief at this settlement news, since it quantified Bank of America’s losses from such lawsuits, some market observers are not convinced that this is the last settlement that Bank of America will pay for its involvement in the mortgage-backed securities business. Any additional settlements could negatively impact BAC.

Another risk to Bank of America’s bottom line and the performance of BAC is the yield curve that represents what it costs banks to borrow money via short term loans from the Federal Reserve and what they are able to lend it out for in long term loans. If the yield curve flattens, meaning the short term interest rates rise and/or long term interest rates fall, it could impact Bank of America’s earnings in a negative way.

The overall performance of the United States economy is a major risk to Bank of America’s bottom line and the performance of BAC. Another recession in the near term would certainly hurt Bank of America’s bottom line and ultimately the price of BAC. However, since Bank of America is considered “too big to fail”, the downside risk may be limited, as it appears the United States government is ready to step in and help Bank of America and other key banks to prevent them from failing. Another govvernment bailout could lead to future dilution of Bank of America’s common stock BAC.

Since there are two sides to every story, including the outlook for companies and their stock price, it is important to note that Bank of America and many financial analysts are optimistic about Bank of America’s forward looking earnings and the price of BAC. In the spring of 2011 Bank of America said it expects to be able to generate pretax earnings of up to $40 billion annually within a few years, once they are able to put mortgage-related losses behind them. The profit forecast was higher than some market participants had expected and the BAC rose in response. Bank of America lost more than $1.3 billion inpretax earnings in2010.

A factor that could positively affect BAC going forward is Bank of America’s plans to raise its dividend in coming years, if they can obtain regulatory approval. Bank of America’s management has also indicatd that the bank is not interested in major acquisitions, which can have a negative impact on a stock price. Ongoing cost cutting and efficiency measures could help Bank of America’s earnings and help the stock price. Bank of America, Chief Executive Officer, Brian T. Moynihan said in the spring of 2011 that Bank of America's efficiency ratio, which is a bank’s expenses relative to operating revenue, was too high and could be improved, which would positively impact earnings and the company’s stock price. Bank of America's efficiency ratio was 62 percent in 2010. In the long run, Moynihan said he was aiming to get the efficiency ratio down to 55 percent or lower.

Moynihan has started internal initiatives to encorurage Bank of America employees to sell additional products to the bank's customers. The bank offers so many products that customers may not be aware of all that the bank has to offer. The bank’s long term growth plans includes offering additional services outside the United States and attracting more customers to its wealth management business. Wealth management has the potential to drive Bank of America's growth. Chief of the Wealth Management division, Sallie Krawcheck, forecast revenue growth of 6 percent to 7 percent for the unit and said she expects pretax margins to increase to 20 percent, as expenses from the Merrill Lynch merger decrease as the Merrill Lynch operations are further integrated into Bank of America.

Bank of America expects to generate up to $30 billion in excess capital by 2013 and 2014. The company plans to return the additional capital to shareholders through share buybacks and special cash dividends, in addition to the planned increases in the Bank of America quarterly dividend. All of which should have a positive impact on the price of BAC in the long run.

Is there an answer to the question: What Does The Future Hold For Bank of America's Stock BAC? Yes, watch the performance of the United States economy. Bank of America and its stock BAC are so closely tied into the United States economy that ultimately the performance of the United State economy will likely dictate how well Bank of America's stock BAC performs. Adequate due diligence should be performed and a registered financial consultant should be consulted before any investment decisions are made.

For disclosure purposes, I currently have no position in BAC.

Disclaimer:This article was not written by a financial professional or a registered financial advisor.This article is for informational purposes only, and is not intended to be solicitation or recommendation to purchase BAC or securities mentioned herein.Please consult a registered financial advisor to ensure you understand the risks and rewards associated with buying and selling stocks such as BAC and other financial products.